Mark Rutte

Mark Rutte became the political leader of the VVD, the Dutch liberal-conservative party. He led the party through several election campaigns, eventually becoming prime minister in 2010.

Rutte became Prime Minister of the Netherlands, leading a minority coalition government with support from the Party for Freedom (PVV). His first term focused on austerity measures and immigration reforms.

Rutte oversaw the Dutch response to COVID-19, including lockdowns, vaccination campaigns, and economic support measures. His government faced criticism over the slow start of vaccinations and handling of the second wave.

Rutte's government faced a no-confidence vote after a parliamentary inquiry revealed that tax authorities falsely accused thousands of parents of fraud in childcare benefits. The scandal led to the resignation of his cabinet, though Rutte remained as caretaker prime minister.

Rutte announced he would leave politics after the 2023 general election, ending his 13-year tenure as prime minister. He cited the need for new leadership and the end of his political career.