Batu Khan vs Sigismund of Luxembourg

Batu Khan, as a subordinate commander under Subutai, participated in the Mongol victory over a coalition of Rus' princes and Cumans at the Kalka River. This battle was a precursor to the full-scale invasion of the Rus' lands.

Batu Khan led the Mongol army in the siege and sack of Kiev, the capital of the Kievan Rus'. The city was destroyed, and its population was massacred. This event marked the subjugation of the Rus' principalities to Mongol rule.

Batu Khan led the Mongol invasion of Central Europe, defeating the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohi and the Polish army at the Battle of Legnica. The campaign devastated Hungary and Poland before the Mongols withdrew due to the death of

After the Mongol invasion of Europe, Batu Khan established the Golden Horde, a khanate that controlled the western part of the Mongol Empire. The Golden Horde's territory stretched from the Ural Mountains to the Danube River, with Sarai as its capital.

Sigismund, King of Hungary and son of Charles IV, was elected King of Germany by one faction of electors, while Jobst of Moravia was elected by another. This led to a double kingship until Jobst's death in 1411.

Sigismund convened the Council of Constance to end the Western Schism. The council deposed all three rival popes and elected Pope Martin V, restoring unity to the Catholic Church.

Despite granting Jan Hus a safe-conduct to the Council of Constance, Sigismund allowed Hus to be tried and burned at the stake for heresy. This act sparked the Hussite Wars in Bohemia.

Sigismund was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in Rome by Pope Eugene IV. His coronation marked the end of a long struggle for imperial recognition and solidified his authority.