Apolinario Mabini vs Henry Pelham

Mabini wrote the 'Constitutional Program of the Philippine Republic' in 1898, outlining the principles of the revolutionary government. His writings influenced the Malolos Constitution and the establishment of the First Philippine Republic.

Apolinario Mabini was appointed as the first Prime Minister of the First Philippine Republic on January 2, 1899, by President Emilio Aguinaldo. He served as the de facto head of government during the Philippine-American War.

Mabini was captured by American forces on December 10, 1901, and exiled to Guam. He refused to swear allegiance to the United States, remaining a symbol of resistance. He was allowed to return to the Philippines in 1903.

Apolinario Mabini died of cholera on May 13, 1903, shortly after returning from exile in Guam. His death at age 38 cut short his political career, but he is remembered as the 'Sublime Paralytic' and a key intellectual of the Philippine Revolution.

As Prime Minister, Pelham directed British military and financial support for the Pragmatic Sanction, funding campaigns in Europe and North America. The war ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, which returned Louisbourg to France, a decision criticized in Britain.

As Prime Minister, Pelham oversaw the reduction of the interest rate on the British national debt from 4% to 3%, saving the government

Pelham's government passed the Jewish Naturalization Act, allowing foreign-born Jews to become British subjects. Widespread public opposition forced its repeal the following year, damaging Pelham's political standing.