Ma Chao

AncientGeneralChina176 — 222

Qiang-backed general who fought Cao Cao and joined Liu Bei.

Compare Ma Chao with another historical figure:

Quick Facts

Born

176

Died

222

Country

China

Era

Ancient

Occupation

General

Score Overview

Military (10%)68

Political (20%)35

Influence (20%)52

Legacy (20%)46

Leadership (15%)63

Strategy (15%)55

Total Score51.3

Ma Chao — Complete Timeline

211 AD

Ma Chao's Revolt in Liang ProvinceWar◆ Major

Ma Chao, allied with Qiang and Hu tribes, led a rebellion against Cao Cao in Liang Province. He captured the city of Chang'an and threatened Cao Cao's western flank, forcing Cao Cao to personally lead a campaign against him.

RebellionLiang ProvinceCao Cao

Impact: regional

Battle of Tong PassWar◆ Major

Cao Cao's army faced Ma Chao's coalition at Tong Pass. Ma Chao's cavalry repeatedly charged Cao Cao's forces, nearly killing Cao Cao himself. However, Cao Cao used a feint to cross the Yellow River and outflank Ma Chao, forcing him to retreat.

BattleCavalryStrategic Retreat

Impact: regional

214 AD

Ma Chao's Defection to Zhang LuPolitical Action

After his defeat by Cao Cao, Ma Chao fled to Hanzhong and sought refuge with the warlord Zhang Lu. Zhang Lu gave him command of troops but grew suspicious of him, leading Ma Chao to eventually leave and join Liu Bei.

DefectionRefugeAlliance Shift

Impact: regional

Ma Chao's Service under Liu BeiPolitical Action◆ Major

Ma Chao surrendered to Liu Bei and was given command of troops. He played a key role in Liu Bei's conquest of Yi Province, and later was appointed General of the Vanguard. He was enfeoffed as Marquis of Taitai.

ServiceShu HanMarquis

Impact: regionalconstructive