Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu

Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu fought a desperate battle against Genghis Khan at the Indus River. He defeated a Mongol detachment but was overwhelmed by the main Mongol army. He escaped by jumping his horse into the river, swimming to safety.

Jalal ad-Din regrouped in India and then returned to Persia, where he defeated local rulers and established a new kingdom. He conquered parts of the Caucasus, including Georgia and Azerbaijan, and fought against the Seljuks of Rum.

Jalal ad-Din was defeated by a Mongol army under Chormaqan near Isfahan. He lost his capital and was forced to flee again, this time to the Kurdish mountains, where he was eventually killed by local bandits.

Jalal ad-Din was murdered by Kurdish peasants in the mountains of Anatolia while fleeing the Mongols. His death ended the Khwarezmian resistance and marked the final extinction of the Khwarezmian Empire.