Houari Boumediene

Boumediene joined the National Liberation Front (FLN) and became a key military commander in the war against French colonial rule. He organized guerrilla operations and rose through the ranks.

Boumediene led a military coup that overthrew President Ahmed Ben Bella. He suspended the constitution, dissolved parliament, and established a Revolutionary Council, consolidating power.

Boumediene nationalized French oil and gas companies, taking control of Algeria's hydrocarbon resources. This provided the state with revenue to fund industrialization and socialist development programs.

Boumediene implemented an agrarian reform program that redistributed land from large landowners to peasants and established state farms. The program aimed to increase agricultural production and reduce rural inequality.

Boumediene chaired the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and advocated for a New International Economic Order. He used the platform to promote Third World solidarity and challenge Western economic dominance.