Edward IV of England vs Hulegu Khan

Edward IV led the Yorkist army to a decisive victory over the Lancastrian forces at Towton in Yorkshire. This battle, the largest and bloodiest of the Wars of the Roses, secured Edward's claim to the throne and led to his coronation as king.

Edward IV was crowned king of England at Westminster Abbey, formally establishing the Yorkist dynasty. His coronation followed the deposition of Henry VI and marked the beginning of a period of Yorkist rule.

Edward IV secretly married Elizabeth Woodville, a Lancastrian widow, without consulting his council. This marriage elevated the Woodville family and alienated key allies like the Earl of Warwick, contributing to later political instability.

Edward IV defeated the Earl of Warwick at Barnet, killing Warwick and reclaiming the throne after a brief exile. This victory restored Yorkist control and ended the Lancastrian resurgence led by Warwick and Queen Margaret.

Edward IV signed the Treaty of Picquigny with Louis XI of France, ending a brief invasion of France. The treaty secured a pension for Edward and a truce, but was seen as a diplomatic retreat from military ambitions.

Hulagu's army captured and destroyed the mountain fortresses of the Nizari Ismailis (Assassins), including Alamut. The Ismaili state was effectively eliminated, and their library and treasures were burned. This removed a major political and military force in Persia.

Hulagu established the Ilkhanate as a Mongol khanate in Persia, with his capital at Maragheh. The state encompassed modern Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan, and parts of Turkey and Syria, and it became a major power in the Middle East.

Hulagu's Mongol army besieged and sacked Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. The city was systematically destroyed, with estimates of 100,000 to 1 million civilians killed. The last Abbasid caliph, Al-Musta'sim, was executed, ending the Islamic Golden Age.

Hulagu's forces, led by general Kitbuqa, were defeated by the Mamluk Sultanate at Ain Jalut in Palestine. This was the first major Mongol defeat in the Middle East, halting Mongol expansion into Syria and Egypt. Hulagu was unable to reinforce due to the Berke

Hulagu fought a war against his cousin Berke, Khan of the Golden Horde, after Berke converted to Islam and opposed the destruction of Baghdad. The war involved battles in the Caucasus and weakened both khanates, preventing further Mongol expansion westward.