
The Rich, Duke with the largest northwest German territory.
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William inherited the combined territories of J
William's forces were defeated by the army of Emperor Charles V at Sittard. This battle was part of the Gelderland Wars and resulted in William being forced to cede the Duchy of Gelderland to the Habsburgs, ending his expansionist ambitions.
Following his defeat at Sittard, William signed the Treaty of Venlo with Emperor Charles V. The treaty forced him to surrender Gelderland and Zutphen to the Habsburgs and accept the Catholic Church's authority, significantly reducing his power.
William founded the University of Duisburg as a Protestant institution. The university served as a center for learning and religious education in his territories, contributing to the intellectual and cultural development of the region.
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