Sayajirao Gaekwad III

Sayajirao oversaw the construction of railways, roads, irrigation systems, and public buildings in Baroda. He also established a modern water supply and electricity system, transforming the state's infrastructure.

Sayajirao issued a decree abolishing untouchability in the state of Baroda. He opened temples, wells, and schools to all castes, and promoted social equality, though implementation faced resistance.

Sayajirao made primary education compulsory and free for all children in Baroda. This was one of the earliest such reforms in India, significantly increasing literacy rates and setting a precedent for other princely states.

Sayajirao founded the Bank of Baroda to provide banking services and credit to the people of Baroda. The bank grew into a major financial institution in India, supporting economic development and trade.

Sayajirao hosted the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Baroda. He supported the nationalist movement and provided a platform for leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to advocate for self-rule.