Pausanias the Spartan

Pausanias, as regent of Sparta, commanded the combined Greek forces at Plataea. He led the decisive victory over the Persian army under Mardonius, ending the second Persian invasion of Greece. The victory secured Greek independence.

Pausanias led a Greek fleet to capture Byzantium from the Persians. During this campaign, his arrogant behavior and alleged sympathy for Persian customs alienated the allies, leading to the transfer of leadership to Athens.

Pausanias was recalled to Sparta and tried for medism (collaboration with Persia). Although acquitted, his reputation was damaged. He returned to Byzantium without Spartan authorization, acting as a private individual.

Pausanias, suspected of plotting with the helots and Persians, took refuge in the Temple of Athena of the Brazen House in Sparta. The ephors walled him inside, and he was starved to death, ending his life in disgrace.