Pan Geng of Shang

Pan Geng relocated the Shang capital to Yin (near modern Anyang), which became the permanent capital for the remainder of the dynasty. This move ended the pattern of frequent relocations and established a stable administrative center.

Pan Geng enacted comprehensive reforms that revitalized the Shang state, including administrative, economic, and possibly military changes. These reforms strengthened central authority, improved governance, and ushered in a period of prosperity and expansion.