
Zambian president known for anti-corruption efforts.
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Mwanawasa won the presidential election as the candidate of the Movement for Multiparty Democracy, succeeding Frederick Chiluba. His victory was initially disputed but later confirmed by the Supreme Court.
Mwanawasa initiated a high-profile anti-corruption drive, including the prosecution of former president Frederick Chiluba for corruption. This marked a significant break from his predecessor and earned him international praise.
Mwanawasa won a second term with 43% of the vote in a multi-candidate election. The election was deemed largely free and fair by observers, though opposition parties alleged irregularities.
Mwanawasa suffered a stroke at the African Union summit in Egypt. He was flown to France for treatment but died in Paris on August 19, 2008. His death triggered a presidential by-election.
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