Kamehameha V

Lot Kapuāiwa became King Kamehameha V after the death of his brother Kamehameha IV. He was the last monarch of the Kamehameha dynasty.

Kamehameha V abrogated the 1852 constitution and promulgated a new one that increased royal power. The 1864 constitution abolished the office of kuhina nui (premier), gave the king veto power, and restricted suffrage to property owners.

Kamehameha V promoted economic development, including the expansion of the sugar industry, construction of roads and harbors, and the establishment of the Hawaiian Board of Health. His reign saw increased foreign investment and trade.

Kamehameha V refused to sign a reciprocity treaty with the United States that would have reduced tariffs on Hawaiian sugar. He believed the treaty would compromise Hawaiian sovereignty and lead to American domination.

Kamehameha V died without naming an heir, ending the Kamehameha dynasty. His death triggered a succession crisis that led to the election of Lunalilo as the next king.