Golda Meir

Golda Meir became Prime Minister of Israel after the death of Levi Eshkol. She was the first and only woman to hold the office, leading the country during a period of significant tension and conflict in the Middle East.

Meir led Israel during the Yom Kippur War, when Egypt and Syria launched a surprise attack on the holiest day of the Jewish calendar. Israel initially suffered heavy losses but eventually repelled the attacks, though the war exposed intelligence failures.

Following the Yom Kippur War, the Agranat Commission criticized the government's handling of the conflict. Meir resigned as Prime Minister in 1974, taking responsibility for the failures, though she remained a respected figure in Israeli politics.