Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

ModernPoliticianPhilippines1947 — ?

Second female Philippine president.

Compare Gloria Macapagal Arroyo with another historical figure:

Quick Facts

Born

1947

Country

Philippines

Era

Modern

Occupation

Politician

Score Overview

Military (10%)48

Political (20%)57

Influence (20%)56

Legacy (20%)47

Leadership (15%)64

Strategy (15%)45

Total Score53.2

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo — Complete Timeline

2001 AD

Elected President of the PhilippinesPolitical Action◆ Major

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo became president after the EDSA II Revolution ousted Joseph Estrada. She was the second female president of the Philippines and daughter of former President Diosdado Macapagal.

PresidencyEDSA IIPolitical Transition

Impact: national

2003 AD

Survived the Oakwood MutinyPolitical Action◆ Major

A group of junior military officers seized the Oakwood Premier Hotel in Makati, demanding Arroyo's resignation over corruption allegations. The mutiny was peacefully resolved, but it highlighted military unrest.

Military MutinyPolitical CrisisCorruption

Impact: national

2005 AD

Implemented the Expanded Value-Added TaxReform◆ Major

Arroyo signed the Expanded Value-Added Tax law, raising the VAT rate from 10% to 12% to address fiscal deficits. The reform increased government revenue but faced public opposition and legal challenges.

Tax ReformFiscal PolicyEconomic Reform

Impact: national

2011 AD

Arrested for electoral sabotagePolitical Action◆ Major

Arroyo was arrested on charges of electoral sabotage related to the 2007 senatorial elections. She was detained at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center, becoming the first former Philippine president to be held on such charges.

ArrestElectoral SabotageLegal Case

Impact: nationaldestructive

2016 AD

Pardoned by President Rodrigo DutertePolitical Action

President Rodrigo Duterte granted Arroyo absolute pardon for her electoral sabotage conviction, citing her poor health. The pardon allowed her release from detention and eventual return to politics as a congresswoman.

PardonLegal CaseDuterte

Impact: national