Eumenes of Cardia

Eumenes was appointed as Alexander the Great's personal secretary (chief scribe) after the death of Philip II. This position gave him intimate knowledge of imperial administration and access to Alexander's inner circle.

Eumenes defeated Craterus and Neoptolemus at the Battle of the Hellespont. Craterus, Alexander's most trusted general, was killed in the battle. This victory established Eumenes as a major military commander in the Wars of the Diadochi.

After being declared an outlaw by Antipater, Eumenes was besieged by Antigonus Monophthalmus at the fortress of Nora in Cappadocia. He held out for over a year, negotiating a truce that allowed him to escape and continue his campaign.

Eumenes fought Antigonus Monophthalmus at Gabiene. Though the battle was tactically indecisive, Eumenes' own Silver Shields mutinied and handed him over to Antigonus, who had him executed. This ended his campaign.

After being betrayed by his own troops at Gabiene, Eumenes was executed by Antigonus Monophthalmus. His death removed the last major supporter of the Argead royal house and consolidated Antigonus's power in Asia.