Charles III of Spain

Charles III, while still king of Naples, founded the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in Madrid. The academy promoted neoclassical art and architecture, influencing Spanish cultural development.

Charles III succeeded his half-brother Ferdinand VI as king of Spain, having previously been king of Naples and Sicily. His reign marked the height of Bourbon reforms in Spain, implementing Enlightenment-inspired policies.

Charles III undertook major urban renewal projects in Madrid, including the construction of the Prado Museum, the Royal Botanical Garden, and the Alcal

Charles III ordered the expulsion of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) from all Spanish territories, confiscating their properties. This was part of a broader effort to reduce church power and assert royal control over education and missions.

Charles III issued the Decree of Free Trade, opening Spanish American ports to trade with each other and with Spain. This reform dismantled the monopoly of C

Charles III entered the American Revolutionary War on the side of the American colonies and France, declaring war on Britain. Spanish forces recaptured Florida and Minorca, but the war strained Spain's finances.