Charles Edward Stuart

Charles Edward Stuart's Jacobite army defeated a government force under John Cope at Prestonpans. The battle lasted only minutes, with the Highlanders charging through mist. The victory gave the Jacobites control of Scotland and boosted morale.

Charles Edward Stuart's Jacobite army was decisively defeated by government forces under the Duke of Cumberland at Culloden. The battle lasted less than an hour. The defeat ended the Jacobite rising and led to brutal reprisals against Highland clans.

After Culloden, Charles Edward Stuart fled through the Highlands and islands, evading government troops for five months. He was aided by supporters like Flora MacDonald. He eventually escaped to France, never to return to Scotland.