Al-Adil I

Imad ad-Din Zengi besieged Damascus, attempting to expand his control over Syria. The siege failed due to strong defenses and the intervention of the Burid dynasty, preventing Zengi from unifying Muslim Syria under his rule.

Imad ad-Din Zengi, atabeg of Mosul, besieged and captured the Crusader city of Edessa. This was the first major Crusader territory to fall to Muslim forces, triggering the Second Crusade and establishing Zengi as a leading Muslim commander.

Imad ad-Din Zengi was assassinated by a Frankish slave in his sleep while besieging the fortress of Qal'at Ja'bar. His death fragmented his territories, which were divided between his sons Nur ad-Din and Saif ad-Din, but his legacy continued through Nur ad-Din's later successes.