
Last Qajar shah, deposed by Reza Khan.
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Ahmad Shah's government signed the Anglo-Persian Agreement, which would have made Persia a British protectorate in exchange for loans and military assistance. Widespread nationalist opposition forced the Majlis to reject the agreement, and it was never ratified, contributing to the government's weakness.
Ahmad Shah left Persia for Europe, ostensibly for medical treatment, but effectively went into exile. He left Reza Khan as prime minister with full powers. His absence weakened the monarchy and allowed Reza Khan to consolidate control, leading to the eventual deposition.
Ahmad Shah Qajar was deposed by the Majlis, which voted to end the Qajar dynasty and appoint Reza Khan as the new shah. This followed Reza Khan's coup in 1921 and his subsequent consolidation of power. Ahmad Shah was in Europe at the time and never returned to Persia.
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