Simonetta Sommaruga vs Wakatsuki Reijiro

Sommaruga was elected to the Swiss Federal Council on September 22, 2010, representing the Social Democratic Party. She took over the Federal Department of Justice and Police, later moving to the Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications in 2019.

As head of the Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications from 2019, Sommaruga oversaw Swiss climate policy, including the implementation of the CO2 Act and promotion of renewable energy. She advocated for the 2021 climate referendum, which was narrowly rejected.

Simonetta Sommaruga served as President of the Swiss Confederation in 2020, a year marked by the COVID-19 pandemic. She chaired the Federal Council and represented Switzerland internationally, while continuing her role as head of the Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications.

As Finance Minister in the Hamaguchi cabinet, Wakatsuki oversaw Japan's return to the gold standard in January 1930. This policy aimed to stabilize the economy but worsened the Great Depression's impact on Japan, leading to deflation and social unrest.

As Prime Minister during the Mukden Incident of September 1931, Wakatsuki Reijiro's cabinet initially attempted to restrain the Kwantung Army's unauthorized expansion in Manchuria. However, the government failed to control the military, leading to Japan's full-scale invasion of Manchuria.

Wakatsuki resigned as Prime Minister in December 1931 after his cabinet failed to rein in the Kwantung Army's actions in Manchuria. The government's inability to assert civilian control over the military marked a turning point in Japan's descent into militarism.

Wakatsuki became Prime Minister for a second time in April 1931, succeeding Hamaguchi Osachi who was incapacitated by an assassination attempt. His brief second term was dominated by the escalating Manchurian crisis.