Johan Ferrier vs Joseph Muscat

Ferrier served as Governor of Suriname, the representative of the Dutch monarch, from 1968 to 1975. He played a key role in negotiations for independence and maintaining stability during the transition period.

Johan Ferrier became the first President of Suriname upon its independence from the Netherlands on November 25, 1975. He served as a ceremonial head of state, overseeing the transition to sovereignty and the drafting of the constitution.

Ferrier resigned as President in 1980 after a military coup led by Desi Bouterse overthrew the civilian government. His resignation marked the end of democratic rule and the beginning of military dictatorship in Suriname.

After the coup, Ferrier went into exile in the Netherlands, where he remained for several years. He later returned to Suriname after the restoration of democracy in the 1990s, but did not re-enter politics.

Muscat became Prime Minister of Malta in March 2013, leading the Labour Party to a landslide victory. His campaign focused on economic growth, anti-corruption, and social liberalization.

Muscat's government launched the Individual Investor Programme, selling Maltese citizenship for a

Muscat won a second term in the 2017 snap election, called after a scandal involving his wife's Panama company. His Labour Party increased its majority, despite the controversy.

Investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia was assassinated by a car bomb on October 16, 2017. She had been investigating corruption involving Muscat's associates, leading to a major political crisis and allegations of a cover-up.

Muscat resigned as Prime Minister in January 2020, following months of protests over the Caruana Galizia murder investigation. His resignation came after the arrest of businessman Yorgen Fenech, who was implicated in the murder.