Hassan Rouhani vs Miguel Trovoada

Rouhani won the presidential election with a landslide, promising to improve relations with the West and revive the economy. His victory was seen as a mandate for moderation and reform after the hardline presidency of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

Rouhani's government negotiated the JCPOA with the P5+1 (US, UK, France, Russia, China, Germany). The deal limited Iran's nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief, marking a major diplomatic achievement.

President Trump withdrew the US from the JCPOA and reimposed sanctions. Rouhani's government struggled to maintain the deal with European partners, but the economic pressure led to protests and a currency crisis in Iran.

Rouhani's government faced nationwide protests over fuel price hikes and economic mismanagement. The protests were violently suppressed, with hundreds killed according to human rights groups, damaging Rouhani's reformist image.

Trovoada won the first multiparty presidential election, defeating Pinto da Costa. His victory marked the end of single-party rule and the beginning of democratic governance.

Trovoada was briefly detained by military officers in a coup attempt. He was restored to power after international mediation, including pressure from Angola and Portugal.

Trovoada won re-election in a contested vote against Pinto da Costa. His second term was marked by political instability and economic challenges.