Hari Singh vs William III

Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession to India on October 26, 1947, after Pakistani tribal invaders entered Kashmir. This decision made Jammu and Kashmir a part of India, triggering the First Indo-Pakistani War.

Hari Singh signed a Standstill Agreement with Pakistan in August 1947, maintaining existing trade and communications. The agreement was intended to buy time, but Pakistan later violated it by supporting the tribal invasion.

Hari Singh left Kashmir for Jammu after the tribal invasion and later moved to India. He never returned to rule, as the state was placed under Indian administration, ending his direct rule.

Hari Singh's title of Maharaja was abolished by the Indian government under the Constitution of India. He lost his ruling powers and became a private citizen, marking the end of the Dogra dynasty's rule in Kashmir.

William III, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, invaded England at the invitation of Protestant nobles. King James II fled, and William and his wife Mary II were declared joint monarchs, establishing parliamentary supremacy and Protestant succession.

William III personally led Williamite forces to victory over the Jacobite army of James II at the River Boyne in Ireland. The battle secured Protestant dominance in Ireland and William's hold on the English throne.

William III negotiated the Treaty of Ryswick ending the Nine Years' War with France. Louis XIV recognized William as King of England and agreed to cease supporting James II's claims, temporarily stabilizing European borders.

William III died from pneumonia after breaking his collarbone in a riding accident at Hampton Court Palace. His death ended the Stuart line's direct rule and passed the throne to Queen Anne, leading to the Act of Union 1707.