Berengar II vs Sulayman of Mali

Berengar II was crowned King of Italy in Pavia after the death of Lothair II. His rule was contested by the German king Otto I, who claimed the Italian throne through his marriage to Lothair's widow, Adelaide.

Berengar II was defeated by Otto I at the Battle of the Lechfeld, where Otto also crushed the Magyars. This defeat forced Berengar to submit to Otto's suzerainty, reducing him to a vassal and ending independent Italian rule.

Berengar II rebelled against Otto I's authority, attempting to regain full control of Italy. The rebellion failed, leading to Otto's second invasion of Italy and Berengar's eventual capture, solidifying Otto's control over the kingdom.

After a failed rebellion, Berengar II was captured by Otto I and imprisoned in Bamberg, Germany. He died in captivity in 966, marking the end of the independent Lombard kingdom of Italy and the beginning of direct German rule.

Sulayman succeeded his brother Mansa Musa as ruler of the Mali Empire. His reign is noted for the visit of the Moroccan scholar Ibn Battuta, who recorded detailed observations of the empire's court, economy, and social customs.

Sulayman faced a rebellion from one of his wives or a faction within the court. He successfully suppressed the uprising, maintaining his control over the empire. The event highlighted internal political tensions within the Keita dynasty.

The traveler Ibn Battuta visited the court of Mansa Sulayman in Niani. He documented the lavish court ceremonies, the mansa's authority, and the social hierarchy. His writings provide a key historical source on the Mali Empire at its height.