Chen Qun vs Ito Hirobumi

Chen Qun proposed the Nine-rank system for civil service appointments to Cao Pi, the first emperor of Wei. This system ranked candidates based on family background and personal merit, replacing the earlier recommendation system and becoming the standard for official selection in China for centuries.

Chen Qun assisted Cao Pi in drafting the new legal code for the Wei dynasty. He advocated for clearer laws and more consistent punishments, contributing to the legal framework that helped stabilize Wei's early rule.

Chen Qun was appointed Minister over the Masses (Sikong) under Emperor Cao Rui of Wei. In this high-ranking position, he oversaw civil administration and continued to refine the implementation of the Nine-rank system, solidifying its role in Wei governance.

Under Ito Hirobumi's leadership, the Bank of Japan was established as the nation's central bank. It was modeled after European central banks and aimed to stabilize the currency and control inflation. This institution was crucial for Japan's economic modernization and industrial growth.

Ito Hirobumi became the first Prime Minister of Japan under the new cabinet system. He served four non-consecutive terms and was instrumental in shaping the modern Japanese state. His tenure focused on centralizing power, modernizing the economy, and strengthening the military.

Ito Hirobumi led the drafting of the Meiji Constitution, which established a constitutional monarchy with a bicameral parliament (the Diet). The constitution granted the emperor sovereign power but also provided for elected representatives. It was promulgated in 1889 and remained in effect until 1947.

Ito Hirobumi was assassinated by Korean nationalist An Jung-geun at Harbin railway station in Manchuria. Ito was on a mission to negotiate with Russian officials regarding Korea. His death shocked Japan and was used to justify the formal annexation of Korea in 1910.