Tupac Amaru

Tupac Amaru was crowned Sapa Inca of the Neo-Inca State at Vilcabamba after the death of his half-brother Titu Cusi. He inherited a shrinking kingdom under constant Spanish pressure, with limited resources and a dwindling population.

Viceroy Francisco de Toledo launched a military expedition against Vilcabamba, capturing the Neo-Inca capital. Spanish forces overwhelmed the Inca defenders, ending the last independent Inca state and capturing Tupac Amaru.

Tupac Amaru was publicly executed by beheading in Cusco's main square after a trial for rebellion. His death marked the final end of the Inca imperial line and the complete subjugation of the Andes under Spanish colonial rule.