Philip V of Macedon

Philip V allied with Carthage after Rome's defeat at Cannae, initiating the First Macedonian War against Rome. The war was indecisive, ending with the Peace of Phoenice in 205 BC, but it set the stage for future conflicts.

Philip V's Macedonian phalanx was decisively defeated by the Roman legions under Titus Quinctius Flamininus at Cynoscephalae. This battle ended the Second Macedonian War, forced Macedon to surrender its Greek possessions, and established Roman dominance in Greece.

After Cynoscephalae, Philip V signed the Treaty of Tempe, agreeing to pay war reparations, surrender his fleet, and withdraw from all Greek cities. He was allowed to keep Macedon but became a Roman ally, ending Macedonian expansion.