Peroz I

Peroz I's reign was marked by a severe famine and economic hardship, exacerbated by his military campaigns. The crisis weakened the Sasanian economy and led to social unrest, undermining the stability of the empire.

Peroz I was captured by the Hephthalites during an earlier campaign and held for ransom. He was released after paying a large tribute, but the humiliation fueled his desire for revenge, leading to his final disastrous campaign.

Peroz I launched a military campaign against the Hephthalite Empire (White Huns) in Central Asia. The campaign ended in a decisive defeat for the Sasanian army, with Peroz I killed in battle and his army annihilated, leading to a period of instability in the Sasanian Empire.