Nicolas Avellaneda

Avellaneda was elected President of Argentina, serving from 1874 to 1880. His presidency focused on economic recovery after the 1873 crisis and the consolidation of the state.

Avellaneda's government launched the Conquest of the Desert, a military campaign led by Julio Argentino Roca against indigenous peoples in Patagonia. The campaign resulted in the annexation of vast territories and the displacement of indigenous populations.

Avellaneda's government passed a law organizing the administration of national territories conquered during the Desert Campaign. The law established provinces and federal territories, shaping Argentina's modern political geography.