Mubarak al-Sabah

Mubarak al-Sabah assassinated his half-brothers, Sheikh Muhammad and Sheikh Jarrah, to seize power as the ruler of Kuwait. This act ended the Al-Sabah succession dispute and established Mubarak as the sole authority, marking the beginning of his reign.

Mubarak signed a treaty with Britain making Kuwait a British protectorate. Britain guaranteed Kuwait's security and autonomy in exchange for control over its foreign affairs. This agreement protected Kuwait from Ottoman and Saudi expansion.

Mubarak's forces defeated the Saudi-aligned Ikhwan at the Battle of Hadia. This victory secured Kuwait's southern borders and prevented Saudi expansion into Kuwaiti territory. It solidified Mubarak's control over the region.