Michael Sata

Sata introduced policies including a windfall tax on mining profits, increased minimum wage, and subsidies for farmers. These measures aimed to redistribute wealth but faced criticism from business and investors.

Sata won the presidential election as the candidate of the Patriotic Front, defeating incumbent Rupiah Banda. His victory marked the first peaceful transfer of power to an opposition party in Zambia's history.

Sata died at a London hospital on October 28, 2014, after a prolonged illness. His death triggered a constitutional crisis over succession, eventually resolved by the vice president assuming office.