
Last Dynasty XI pharaoh, Wadi Hammamat expeditions.
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Mentuhotep IV became the last pharaoh of the 11th Dynasty. His reign was short, approximately 10 years, and is poorly documented, reflecting a period of transition to the 12th Dynasty.
Mentuhotep IV sent a large expedition to the Wadi Hammamat quarries in the Eastern Desert to obtain stone for royal monuments. The expedition, led by his vizier Amenemhat (later Amenemhat I), involved thousands of workers and brought back blocks of greywacke.
Mentuhotep IV died without a clear heir, ending the 11th Dynasty. His vizier Amenemhat seized power and founded the 12th Dynasty, marking a peaceful transition of power that continued the Middle Kingdom's stability.
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