Mahathir Mohamad

Mahathir Mohamad became the fourth Prime Minister of Malaysia. He began a 22-year tenure that would reshape the country's economy and politics.

Mahathir launched the 'Look East' policy, encouraging Malaysia to emulate the work ethic and management practices of Japan and South Korea. This aimed to modernize the economy and reduce reliance on the West.

Mahathir embarked on a massive privatization program, selling state-owned enterprises and encouraging private sector growth. This led to rapid economic expansion and the rise of a Malay business class.

Mahathir sacked his deputy Anwar Ibrahim, who then led massive street protests (Reformasi). Anwar was arrested and convicted on sodomy charges, widely seen as politically motivated. This deeply divided Malaysian society.

At age 92, Mahathir became Prime Minister again after leading the Pakatan Harapan coalition to a historic election victory, defeating the long-ruling Barisan Nasional. He became the world's oldest elected leader.