Mahamat Idriss Deby

Mahamat Déby led the Chadian military against the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT) rebels, who had attacked from Libya. The campaign resulted in the death of his father. He consolidated power amid ongoing insurgency.

Mahamat Idriss D

Déby announced an 18-month transition to civilian rule, later extended. He held a national dialogue that included some opposition groups but excluded others. The transition was seen as a way to legitimize his rule.

International partners, including France and the AU, pressured D

Security forces under D