Henry V of England

Henry V led an English army to a stunning victory over the French at Agincourt. Despite being outnumbered and suffering from disease, the English longbowmen decimated the French knights. This battle established Henry's reputation as a military commander and led to the conquest of Normandy.

Henry V launched a systematic campaign to conquer Normandy, capturing Caen and other towns. He besieged Rouen for six months, forcing its surrender in 1419. The conquest of Normandy provided England with a strategic base in France.

Henry V negotiated the Treaty of Troyes with the French king Charles VI. The treaty recognized Henry as heir to the French throne, disinheriting the Dauphin Charles. Henry married Catherine of Valois, uniting the English and French crowns. This was the peak of English success in the Hundred Years' War.

Henry V died suddenly at the Ch