
French prime minister under Macron.
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Philippe's government enacted labor code reforms by executive order, aiming to increase flexibility for employers. The reforms reduced collective bargaining power and simplified rules for hiring and firing, sparking protests from unions.
Edouard Philippe was appointed Prime Minister by President Emmanuel Macron. He led the government of the newly formed La R
Edouard Philippe resigned as Prime Minister, replaced by Jean Castex. His resignation followed a government reshuffle and was partly attributed to the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic, though he remained a close ally of Macron.
Philippe was elected Mayor of Le Havre, a position he had previously held. He won the municipal election, solidifying his local political base after leaving the prime minister's office.
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