
Wei supreme commander against Shu northern expeditions.
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Cao Zhen was appointed Grand Commander (Da Sima) by Emperor Cao Rui, placing him in charge of all Wei military forces. This appointment made him the highest-ranking military official, responsible for defending against Shu and Wu threats.
Cao Zhen commanded Wei forces against Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition. He led a successful defense, repelling Shu attacks and preventing territorial losses. This battle established his reputation as a capable commander against Shu's strategic offensives.
Cao Zhen led a Wei counteroffensive into Shu territory, advancing through the Qinling Mountains. The campaign faced logistical difficulties and was ultimately abandoned due to heavy rains and Shu defenses, resulting in a failed invasion.
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