Qalawun vs Wanyan Aguda

Qalawun seized the sultanate after deposing his predecessor Al-Said Barakah, son of Baybars. He was a former Mamluk commander under Baybars. His accession marked the beginning of the Qalawunid dynasty, which ruled Egypt for over a century.

Qalawun defeated a Mongol invasion led by Abaqa Khan of the Ilkhanate at the Second Battle of Homs. The Mamluk victory prevented Mongol incursions into Syria. This battle solidified Mamluk control over the region and deterred future Mongol attacks.

Qalawun captured the Crusader fortress of Margat (1285) and the port of Latakia (1287). These conquests further reduced Crusader territory in Syria. The fall of Margat was a significant blow to the Knights Hospitaller.

Qalawun signed a truce with the Crusader County of Tripoli. However, he soon violated the treaty and captured Tripoli in 1289. The fall of Tripoli eliminated one of the last major Crusader states and paved the way for the capture of Acre.

Qalawun died in Cairo while preparing a campaign to capture Acre. He was succeeded by his son Al-Ashraf Khalil, who completed the conquest of Acre. Qalawun's reign established the Qalawunid dynasty and strengthened the Mamluk state.

Aguda's Jurchen forces defeated a Liao army at Hubudagang, marking the first major victory of the rebellion. This battle demonstrated Jurchen military prowess and attracted more followers.

Wanyan Aguda united the Jurchen tribes under his leadership, creating a confederation that rebelled against Liao domination. He organized a disciplined army and began the Jurchen revolt.

Wanyan Aguda proclaimed himself emperor, founding the Jin dynasty. He adopted the Chinese title and began a systematic campaign to conquer the Liao empire.

Aguda's forces captured the Liao supreme capital Shangjing, dealing a severe blow to the Liao dynasty. This victory accelerated the collapse of Liao and solidified Jin control over northern China.

Aguda formed an alliance with the Northern Song dynasty to jointly attack the Liao empire. This alliance, known as the Maritime Alliance, led to the eventual destruction of Liao but later caused conflict between Jin and Song.

Wanyan Aguda died, and his brother Wanyan Wuqimai succeeded him. Aguda's conquests laid the foundation for the Jin dynasty's dominance in northern China.