Mai Idris Alauma vs Sadasiva Raya

Mai Idris Alauma established diplomatic and trade relations with the Ottoman Empire, importing muskets and cannons for the Bornu army. This introduction of gunpowder weapons transformed Bornu's military capabilities and allowed it to dominate neighboring states.

Idris Alauma led a military campaign to reconquer the Kanem region east of Lake Chad, which had been lost to the Bulala dynasty. Using his new firearms, he defeated the Bulala and reincorporated Kanem into the Bornu Empire.

Idris Alauma ordered the construction of fortified settlements (ribats) along Bornu's borders to protect against raids from the Tuareg and other nomadic groups. These forts strengthened Bornu's defenses and stabilized the region.

Sadasiva Raya was placed on the throne by the regent Rama Raya, who effectively controlled the empire. Sadasiva was a figurehead, with real power exercised by Rama Raya and his family for the duration of his reign.

The Vijayanagara army, nominally under Sadasiva Raya but commanded by Rama Raya, was decisively defeated by the Deccan Sultanates at Talikota. The defeat led to the sack of Vijayanagara city and the collapse of the empire's power.

Following the Battle of Talikota, Sadasiva Raya fled the capital along with the royal family as the city was sacked by the Deccan armies. He took refuge in Penukonda, marking the end of Vijayanagara as a major power.