John Howard vs Jose Luis Bustamante y Rivero

Following the Port Arthur massacre, Howard's government introduced strict gun control laws, including a ban on automatic and semi-automatic weapons and a mandatory buyback scheme. The reforms significantly reduced gun violence in Australia.

Howard led the Liberal-National coalition to a landslide victory in the 1996 federal election, defeating Paul Keating's Labor government. His campaign focused on economic reform, family values, and a more conservative social agenda.

Howard's government introduced a 10% Goods and Services Tax, replacing the previous wholesale sales tax. The GST was a major tax reform that broadened the tax base and provided revenue for state governments, though it was politically controversial.

Howard committed Australian troops to the US-led invasion of Iraq, citing weapons of mass destruction. The decision was highly controversial and led to large public protests, but Howard argued it was necessary for global security.

Howard lost the 2007 federal election to Kevin Rudd's Labor Party, ending his 11-year tenure as prime minister. He also lost his own seat of Bennelong, becoming only the second sitting prime minister to lose his seat.

Bustamante y Rivero won the 1945 presidential election as the candidate of the National Democratic Front, a coalition that included the reformist APRA party. His victory marked a return to civilian rule after years of military government.

General Manuel Odria led a military coup that overthrew President Bustamante y Rivero. The coup was triggered by Bustamante's inability to control inflation and his conflict with the APRA party, which led to a naval mutiny and political crisis.

After being overthrown, Bustamante y Rivero was exiled to Argentina. He lived there for several years, writing and reflecting on his presidency and the state of Peruvian democracy.

Bustamante y Rivero was elected President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague. He served in this role until 1970, presiding over several important international disputes and contributing to the development of international law.