Jacqueline of Hainaut vs Wanyan Shouxu

Upon the death of her father, William II of Bavaria, Jacqueline inherited the counties of Holland, Zeeland, and Hainaut. As a female ruler, her succession was contested by her uncle John of Bavaria, initiating the Hook and Cod wars.

Jacqueline married John IV of Brabant to secure an alliance against her uncle John of Bavaria. The marriage proved politically disastrous as John IV proved weak and later abandoned her claims, leading to further conflict.

After her marriage to John IV collapsed, Jacqueline fled to England and married Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, a brother of King Henry V. This alliance brought English military support to her cause in the Low Countries.

Jacqueline was captured by forces of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who had taken over the war against her. She was imprisoned in Ghent, effectively ending her ability to rule independently.

Under duress, Jacqueline signed the Treaty of Delft, recognizing Philip the Good as regent of her lands. She retained the title of Countess but lost all effective power, marking the end of Wittelsbach rule in Holland and Hainaut.

As Mongol forces approached the Jin capital Kaifeng, Wanyan Shouxu fled the city with his court, moving the capital to Caizhou. This retreat marked the final phase of the Jin dynasty's collapse.

Facing the Mongol advance, Wanyan Shouxu attempted to abdicate the throne to a general, but was persuaded to remain emperor. This event reflected the desperate situation of the Jin court as the Mongols closed in on their remaining territory.

Mongol and Song Chinese forces besieged the Jin capital at Caizhou. Wanyan Shouxu, the last Jin emperor, committed suicide within the city walls as the defenses collapsed, ending the Jin dynasty.