Hamengkubuwono IX vs King Idris I of Libya

Hamengkubuwono IX became the Sultan of Yogyakarta, a princely state in the Dutch East Indies. His reign began during the Japanese occupation, and he later played a key role in the Indonesian National Revolution.

Hamengkubuwono IX declared his support for the newly proclaimed Republic of Indonesia, offering Yogyakarta as the republic's capital. His decision provided a safe haven for the republican government during the war for independence.

Hamengkubuwono IX, along with other senior military figures, was involved in the transfer of executive authority from President Sukarno to General Suharto via the Supersemar document. This event marked the beginning of Suharto's New Order regime.

Hamengkubuwono IX was elected Vice President of Indonesia under President Suharto, serving until 1978. His role symbolized the integration of traditional Javanese monarchy into the modern Indonesian state.

Hamengkubuwono IX died in Jakarta and was given a state funeral. He was buried in the royal cemetery at Imogiri, Yogyakarta. His death marked the end of an era for the Yogyakarta Sultanate and Indonesian politics.

Idris I became King of the newly independent United Kingdom of Libya, ending Italian colonial rule. He led the country as a constitutional monarch, with a federal system uniting Cyrenaica, Tripolitania, and Fezzan.

Major oil reserves were discovered in Libya, transforming the country's economy. Idris's government negotiated favorable terms with Western oil companies, generating substantial revenue that funded infrastructure and social programs.

Libya under Idris provided diplomatic and financial support to Arab states during the Six-Day War against Israel. However, Idris's cautious stance and refusal to commit troops angered Arab nationalists and military officers, contributing to the 1969 coup.

Muammar Gaddafi and a group of military officers overthrew King Idris I in a bloodless coup while he was undergoing medical treatment in Turkey. Idris was deposed and went into exile in Egypt, where he died in 1983.