Domitian vs Eumenes II of Pergamon

Upon Titus's sudden death, Domitian became emperor, the third of the Flavian dynasty. He was the first emperor to take the title 'Dominus et Deus' (Lord and God), emphasizing autocratic rule.

Domitian led a campaign against the Chatti tribe in Germania, extending the Roman frontier. He built the Limes Germanicus, a system of forts and walls, to secure the border.

Domitian expelled philosophers from Rome and persecuted Christians and Jews for refusing to worship the emperor. He executed several senators and confiscated their property, increasing fear.

Domitian built a vast palace on the Palatine Hill, the Domus Augustana, with grand reception halls and gardens. The palace symbolized imperial power and was used by later emperors.

Domitian was assassinated in a palace conspiracy involving his wife Domitia and Praetorian officials. His death ended the Flavian dynasty and led to the accession of Nerva, the first of the Five Good Emperors.

Eumenes II fought alongside the Romans at the Battle of Magnesia, where the Seleucid king Antiochus III was defeated. This victory secured Roman dominance in Asia Minor and expanded Pergamon's territory, making it a key Roman ally.

Eumenes II benefited from the Treaty of Apamea, which ended the war with Antiochus III. Pergamon received large territories in Asia Minor, including Phrygia and Lydia, greatly increasing its wealth and influence.

Eumenes II commissioned the Great Altar of Pergamon, a monumental structure adorned with a frieze depicting the Gigantomachy. This masterpiece of Hellenistic art symbolized the Attalid dynasty's power and cultural patronage.