Charles of Valois vs Kang Kam-chan

Charles of Valois, younger brother of King Philip IV, was granted the County of Valois by his father Philip III. This established the cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty that would later ascend to the French throne as the House of Valois in 1328.

Charles of Valois led a French army into Italy at the request of Pope Boniface VIII to support the Guelph faction in Florence and to pacify the Papal States. His intervention failed to achieve lasting results and he withdrew in 1302.

Charles of Valois, through his marriage to Catherine of Courtenay, claimed the title of Latin Emperor of Constantinople. He organized a crusade to reclaim the Byzantine throne, but the expedition never materialized due to lack of funds and political opposition.

During the Second Goryeo-Khitan War, Kang Kam-chan successfully defended the fortress of Heunghwajin against a Khitan siege. His stubborn resistance bought time for Goryeo to regroup and negotiate a truce.

King Hyeonjong appointed Kang Kam-chan as supreme commander of Goryeo's forces during the Third Khitan War. This appointment gave him authority over all military operations and reflected the king's trust in his strategic abilities.

General Kang Kam-chan led Goryeo forces to a decisive victory over the Khitan Liao dynasty at Gwiju. The battle ended the Third Goryeo-Khitan War, with Goryeo inflicting heavy casualties and forcing the Khitan to withdraw permanently.