Bronislaw Komorowski vs Emile Loubet

As acting president after the Smolensk crash, Komorowski signed the Treaty of Lisbon ratification document on behalf of Poland. This completed Poland's ratification of the EU reform treaty, which had been delayed by the previous president.

Bronislaw Komorowski was elected President of Poland in a snap election following the death of President Lech Kaczynski in the Smolensk air disaster. He defeated Jaroslaw Kaczynski in the runoff, becoming the second president of the Third Polish Republic.

Komorowski lost the presidential election to Andrzej Duda of the Law and Justice party. Duda won in the first round with 51.5% of the vote, marking a shift in Polish politics towards the conservative PiS.

Komorowski vetoed a law that would have given the government more control over public media appointments. The veto was overridden by the Law and Justice (PiS) majority in parliament, leading to increased political polarization.

Émile Loubet was elected President of the Third Republic. His presidency was dominated by the resolution of the Dreyfus Affair and the separation of church and state.

Loubet granted a presidential pardon to Alfred Dreyfus, ending the legal case but not the controversy. The pardon was a step toward reconciliation.

Loubet signed the Law on Associations, which regulated religious congregations and required state authorization for their existence. This law was a precursor to the separation of church and state.

Loubet's government signed the Entente Cordiale with Britain, resolving colonial disputes in Africa and establishing a diplomatic understanding that later became a military alliance.

Loubet oversaw the passage of the 1905 law on the separation of churches and the state, which ended state funding of religious institutions and established French la