Belisario Betancur vs Kare Willoch

Belisario Betancur became President of Colombia in 1982. His administration pursued peace negotiations with guerrilla groups and implemented social reforms, earning him a reputation as a peacemaker.

Betancur negotiated ceasefires with the FARC, M-19, and ELN guerrilla groups in 1984. The peace process included amnesty for guerrillas and political reforms, though it ultimately failed as violence continued.

The M-19 guerrilla group seized the Palace of Justice in Bogot

The Nevado del Ruiz volcano erupted on November 13, 1985, causing a lahar that destroyed the town of Armero, killing approximately 25,000 people. Betancur's government faced criticism for inadequate warning and response.

On October 14, 1981, Willoch became Prime Minister, leading a coalition government of the Conservative Party, Christian Democratic Party, and Centre Party. This ended 35 years of Labour Party rule, marking a major political shift.

Willoch's government introduced market-oriented reforms, including deregulation of credit markets, tax cuts, and privatization of state-owned enterprises. These policies aimed to stimulate economic growth but also led to increased inequality and a banking crisis later.

After the 1985 election, Willoch formed a minority Conservative government, continuing his liberalization policies. However, his government struggled with a declining oil price and rising unemployment, leading to unpopular austerity measures.

Willoch resigned as Prime Minister in May 1986 after losing a vote of confidence over proposed tax increases on gasoline. The defeat came after the Chernobyl disaster heightened public concern about nuclear power, which was linked to the tax issue.