Expert Analysis
Origins
Aulus Plautius was born around 15 BC into a prominent Roman plebeian family. His early career is obscure, but he likely served as a military tribune and quaestor before becoming consul in AD 29. Plautius was a loyal supporter of Emperor Claudius, which positioned him for the command of the British invasion.
Lu Xun (original name Lu Yi) was born in 183 AD in Wu Commandery (modern Suzhou, China) into a minor gentry family. His father died early, and he was raised by his grandfather. Lu Xun entered the service of the Sun family, rising through administrative and military roles. He was known for his intelligence and strategic acumen from a young age.
Rise to Power
Aulus Plautius rose to prominence through his consulship in AD 29 and subsequent governorship of Pannonia. In AD 43, Emperor Claudius selected him to lead the invasion of Britain. Plautius commanded four legions (Legio II Augusta, IX Hispana, XIV Gemina, and XX Valeria Victrix) plus auxiliaries, totaling about 40,000 men. The invasion force landed in Kent and defeated the local tribes led by Caratacus at the Battle of the River Medway. Claudius himself arrived for the final capture of Camulodunum. Plautius was appointed the first governor of Britannia, serving until AD 47.
Lu Xun rose to power within Eastern Wu during the turbulent Three Kingdoms period. He initially served as a county magistrate and later as a commander in the navy. His big break came in 219 AD when he assisted Lü Meng in the capture of Jing Province from Guan Yu. However, his defining moment was the Battle of Yiling in 222 AD. Liu Bei, seeking revenge for Guan Yu's death, invaded Wu with a massive army. Sun Quan appointed Lu Xun as commander-in-chief, over the heads of senior generals. Lu Xun's scorched earth strategy and fire attack defeated Liu Bei, effectively ending Shu Han's expansion.
Leadership & Governance
Aulus Plautius governed Britain with a focus on consolidation. He established a network of forts and roads, and began the process of Romanization. He negotiated with local tribes, offering protection in exchange for allegiance. Plautius was a competent administrator but his primary role was military. He scored 47.3 in leadership and 55.0 in strategy, reflecting a solid but not exceptional command. His governance approach was typical of early Roman provincial governors: impose order, extract resources, and secure borders.
Lu Xun, by contrast, was both a military commander and civil administrator. He scored 73.2 in leadership and 72.0 in strategy, indicating superior strategic thinking. As Chancellor of Eastern Wu from 244 AD, he implemented policies to stabilize the state, including tax reforms and promotion of agriculture. He was known for his fairness and ability to balance different factions. His leadership style was consultative but decisive, as seen in his handling of the Yiling campaign where he overruled subordinate generals.
Triumph & Tragedy
Aulus Plautius's greatest triumph was the successful invasion and subjugation of southeastern Britain, which laid the foundation for the Roman province of Britannia. He captured Camulodunum and defeated the Catuvellauni. His ovation in Rome was a significant honor. However, his tragedy was that his conquest was incomplete. The northern tribes remained unconquered, and resistance continued. Plautius was recalled in AD 47, possibly due to political intrigue, and his later life is obscure. He failed to secure lasting peace.
Lu Xun's greatest triumph was the victory at Yiling, which saved Eastern Wu from annihilation. He destroyed Liu Bei's army and secured Wu's western borders. His subsequent victory at Shiting in 228 AD repelled a Wei invasion. His tragedy came in his later years. He became embroiled in court politics, particularly the succession struggle between Sun Quan's sons. Lu Xun supported the wrong prince and fell out of favor. He died in 245 AD, reportedly of anger and frustration after being reprimanded by Sun Quan. His legacy was tarnished by this political failure.
Character & Destiny
Aulus Plautius was a loyal and competent Roman general, but not a visionary. He followed orders and executed the invasion efficiently. His character was cautious and methodical, which served him well in the initial conquest but limited his ability to adapt to guerrilla warfare. His destiny was tied to Claudius's favor; once that waned, his career ended. He scored 25.0 in political skill, reflecting his inability to navigate court politics.
Lu Xun was a brilliant strategist and patient leader. He was known for his calm demeanor and ability to wait for the right moment. At Yiling, he refused to engage Liu Bei until the Shu army was exhausted and vulnerable. His character combined strategic genius with political naivety. He was loyal to Sun Quan but failed to manage the succession crisis. His destiny was shaped by his victory at Yiling, which made him a hero, but also by his political missteps, which led to his downfall. He scored 57.3 in political skill, higher than Plautius but still insufficient.
Legacy
Aulus Plautius's legacy is as the man who brought Roman rule to Britain. He established the province that would last for nearly 400 years. However, his personal legacy is overshadowed by later governors like Agricola. He is primarily remembered for the invasion itself. In historical assessments, he is considered a capable general but not a great one. His military score of 82.0 reflects his successful campaign, but his overall total of 51.3 is modest due to low political and leadership scores.
Lu Xun's legacy is far more significant. He is celebrated as one of the greatest strategists of the Three Kingdoms period. His victory at Yiling is studied in military academies. He is also remembered as a loyal minister who served Wu faithfully. His political and leadership scores (57.3 and 73.2) are higher than Plautius's. His influence on Chinese military thought is considerable. However, his political failure and relatively short period of high command limit his overall score to 60.0.
Conclusion
While Aulus Plautius achieved a concrete and lasting territorial conquest, Lu Xun had a greater impact on military strategy and statecraft. Plautius's conquest of Britain was a product of Roman imperial might; he was a tool of empire. Lu Xun, in contrast, saved his kingdom through personal brilliance and strategic innovation. His victory at Yiling was a turning point in the Three Kingdoms period. Lu Xun's higher total score (60.0 vs 51.3) reflects his superior leadership, strategy, and political acumen. Therefore, Lu Xun had a greater impact as a general and statesman.