Ante Markovic vs Janio Quadros

Markovic was appointed Prime Minister of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. He inherited a country in deep economic crisis and political disintegration, with rising nationalism in its constituent republics.

Markovic introduced a comprehensive market-oriented economic reform program, including currency stabilization, price liberalization, and privatization. The program initially curbed hyperinflation and attracted foreign investment, but was undermined by political conflicts.

Despite his reform efforts, Markovic was unable to prevent the secession of Slovenia, Croatia, and other republics. His calls for a democratic, unified Yugoslavia were rejected by nationalist leaders, and the country descended into war.

With the federal government losing authority and the Yugoslav wars escalating, Markovic resigned as Prime Minister. His resignation marked the effective end of the last federal government of Yugoslavia.

Jânio Quadros was elected president of Brazil in 1960 as the candidate of the National Democratic Union (UDN) and the Christian Democratic Party (PDC). He assumed office on January 31, 1961, with a mandate to combat corruption and inflation.

Quadros launched a campaign against corruption and bureaucracy, including banning the use of official cars for personal purposes and reducing government spending. These measures were popular but faced resistance from political elites.

Quadros resigned from the presidency on August 25, 1961, after only seven months in office. He claimed he was forced out by 'occult forces' and hoped to return with greater powers, but his resignation was accepted by Congress, leading to a political crisis.

Quadros awarded the Order of the Southern Cross, Brazil's highest honor, to Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara in August 1961. This act angered conservative sectors and the military, contributing to the political tensions that led to his resignation.