Andre Milongo vs Jules Mazarin

Milongo was appointed as the first Prime Minister of the transitional government, tasked with leading the country from single-party rule to multiparty democracy. He served until 1992.

Milongo's government organized the first free presidential and parliamentary elections in Congo-Brazzaville since independence. The elections were won by Pascal Lissouba.

After the elections, Milongo resigned as Prime Minister, handing over power to the newly elected government. He later served as a diplomat.

Upon the death of Cardinal Richelieu, Mazarin was appointed as his successor as chief minister to King Louis XIII. He inherited the ongoing Thirty Years' War and the complex web of French domestic and foreign policy, becoming the de facto ruler of France.

The Parlement of Paris and nobles rebelled against Mazarin's centralizing policies and tax increases, sparking the Fronde civil wars. Mazarin was forced to flee Paris twice (1651 and 1652) as the revolt threatened the monarchy's authority.

Mazarin oversaw French participation in the Peace of Westphalia negotiations that ended the Thirty Years' War. France gained territories including Alsace and confirmed its dominance in European affairs, though Mazarin's diplomatic maneuvering was criticized for not securing more gains.

Mazarin negotiated the Treaty of the Pyrenees with Spain, ending the Franco-Spanish War (1635

Mazarin died at Vincennes, leaving Louis XIV to assume personal rule. His death marked the end of the era of cardinal-ministers and the beginning of Louis XIV's absolute monarchy. Mazarin's vast art collection was bequeathed to the king.